Lived Experiences in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder Comorbid with Intellectual Disabilities, and Other Internalizing Disorders

Document Type

Thesis

Degree Name

Master of Science (MS)

Department

Psychology and Special Education

Date of Award

8-14-2024

Abstract

Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are at a heightened risk for developing further internalizing disorders. Identifying and diagnosing internalizing disorders is difficult in the general population. Among the population with ASD, situations can be more challenging due to atypical symptom presentation, due to the presence of social communication deficits in this population with comorbid disorders, such as anxiety, attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder, depression, intellectual disability (ID), and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Conceptualizing the ways these symptoms manifest can be a challenge to ascertain and specify symptoms in a clinical diagnosis. This introduces the concern of diagnostic overshadowing. The result of this can lead to misdiagnosis and inadequate treatment planning. The treatment options for adults with ASD, comorbid with intellectual disability and other internalizing disorders are scarce. Treatment options are limited due to challenges in cognition and communication, and a lack of resources and support for this population. This study was conducted at a continuing education program for adults with intellectual disabilities, some with a co-occurring diagnosis of ASD, and were determined to be at heightened risk of developing an internalizing disorder. This study aimed to provide a nuanced understanding of the lived experiences of individuals at the intersection of ASD, ID, and internalizing disorders. This was done by analyzing qualitative data from focus groups involving adults diagnosed with ASD, comorbid with ID and other internalizing diagnoses. The parents and service providers were also involved in the study utilizing focus group discussions which were conducted by qualitative analyses over focus group discussions, about the multifaceted challenges, coping mechanisms, and support needs encountered by these individuals in their day-to-day interactions and relationships. The results of this study will be beneficial in enhancing the understanding of the treatment options to effectively identify and support individuals with ASD, comorbid with ID and other internalizing disorders. The findings of this study identified three consistent themes between all informant groups; symptoms identification, support, and treatment barriers. The themes identified by the informants help us better understand the lived experiences of individuals with ASD, comorbid with ID, and other internalizing disorders.

Advisor

Kelly Carrero

Subject Categories

Psychology | Social and Behavioral Sciences

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